Gallup had written both master's and doctoral theses on the psychology of marketing. He'd gone on to become a journalism professor at Northwestern University. Then a New York advertising agency hired him out of academia. Political polls were years old by then. The expression "straw poll" goes back to rural America where it derived from another old saying, "straws in the wind.
In the s, newspapers began doing straw polls in the streets to see how political winds blew. Gallup brought science to that process. Richard Smith tells how, by the time Landon challenged Roosevelt, the prestigious Literary Digest magazine was America's leading pollster.
The Digest featured a regular poll called "America Speaks. Gallup knew that such samples were biased toward people with means. I remember life in those days: not everyone could afford cars or phones. My parents, who had both, strongly supported the Republican Landon. So the Digest predicted a solid victory for Landon. Sorry, there was a problem. More from News. Long Reads The secret court case 50 years ago that robbed transgender people of their rights ever since.
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